Mold for concrete buildings.



J. STRETCH.

Patented Sept. 17,1-912.

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MOLD FOR CONCRETE BUILDINGS. .^.11 L1'0A110NV FILED Novzs, 1910. 1,038,986.

J. STRETCH.

MOLD POR CONCRETE BUILDINGS. APPLIoAirIoN um) Nov.l 25. 1910.

Patented Sept. 17, 1.912.

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TOBE-I STRETCH, 0F FREEPORT, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO FRANK D. LAMBIEVOF l MONTCLAR, NEW JERSEY.

ieaaase.

'I To all whom it wary concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH STRETCH, a citizen of the lUnited States, residing at Freeport, in the c o-unty of Nassau and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molds for Concrete Buildings, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Thisl invention relates to concrete eonstruction, and more particularly to monolitihicbuilding molds, and has for its object the provision of means whereby buildings of this type can be erected inexpensively and with the assurance that the poured or otherwise deposited concrete shall form a monolithic structure. free from imperfection either in the body or uponthe surfaces thereof.

In the attempts which have heretofore been made to erect monolithic buildings it has been found in practice to be exceedingly ditiicult to pour the concrete in such manner as to insure unitori'nity of the mass throughout, owing to the eharacten of the material to be handled, which .is not of such a nature as to permit it to tiow readily into all of the.- inticrstices and crevices to be lilled. Again, the substance begins to set quite rapidly and for this reason very frequently large spaces would be left Ain various parts of the composite mold." I have devised means whereby these difficulties may be entirely overcome and a. building or other structure constructed in accordance with the principles of my invention may be made a true monolith; the walls, ceilings, floors and even the stairways being, if desired, formed monolithic. y

Other objects of my invention will be hereinafter set forth and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

'In the drawings which form a part here- .-of: Figure l is a vertical section through one of the Walls of a building of this character showing themolds in position thereagainst, together with the auxiliary scaffolding, which in this case serves to form a bracefor seetionsof the mold. F ig. 2 is a somewhat fragmentary horizontal section of the said wall showing the arrangement of the interior molds. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section of the ceiling taken on the line III-Hl of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an elevation of one of the interior mold plates, showing also a fragment of an adjoining Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led November 25, 1910. Serial No, 594,065.

MOLD FOR CONCRETE BUILDINGS.

Patented Sept. 17,1912.'

section of one of the plates shown in F ig. 4,

the section being taken on the line VI-VI of said ligure. Fig. 7 a fragmentary detail of the outer plates, showing several of the same in assembled relationship. Fig. S is a vertical longitudinal section of a stair waylsl'iowing the molds in position for forming the saine. Fig. 9 is a transverse vcrtical sectionthrough one of the treads taken on the line IX-IX of Fig. 8. '.Fig. 10 isa fragmentary detail of one of the stairway mold boards.. Fig. 11 is a vertical section through a flue, tire-place and Inantel piece. Fig. 12 is a detail section of a false mold showing the saine in assembled relationship with the adjoining mold plates. Fig. 13 is a detail section showing the preferred means for retaining the opposed mold 4.sections in proper relationship. Fig. 14 is a detail of a tie-rod casting.

Like characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views.

(lne of tbe objects of my invention is to so form the molds employed in erecting a building of this character that the. respective outer and inner section of the mold.l may be held in spaced relationship with but. few braces and at the same 'time to provide a mold arrangement such that the whole Hoor may be poured incrementally to form a monolithic structure. To this end the interior mold sections or boards preferably have the form of long and relatlvcly narrow plates, which plates may if desired extend from the floor substantially to the ceiling.' In practice I make these plates about one foot wide and provide stitfening angles adjacent the respective longitudinal edges.thereof. One of these angles 2 of each plate is preferablyset back` from the edge thereof to providea narrow lip, while the other angle 3 is so disposed as to project slightly over the edge of the plate, preferably by the same amount that the angle 2 is set. back fromits edge. This arrangement permits of interlocking the mold sections or boards, and the outstanding flanges of the angles afford means for securlng the plates together. Of course these mold sections may be secured in any suitable manner, 'but I prefer to provide in said outstanding flanges a series of keyhole shaped slots 5 which are adapted to receive bolts 6` in the manner shown in Figs. 5 and 6` `The nut 7 of each Aot these bolts is preferably so formed that it can he' readily grasped by the haLdso that when the headA of the bolt has `been inserted through the enlarged ends of the slot and the body of the bolt has been drawn down into the narrow portion of said slot, the angle flanges may .sbe clamped tightlyh together without the use of a Wrench, or other tool. y

In assembling the molds, frame forming angles 8 are first laid' around the respective sides of a suitable platforingor foundation,i

the horizontal flanges of said angles being directed outwardly as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.A One extremity of Aeach of these frame forming anglesl is cut'and bent'in the Inanvnezwshown, to facilitate assembly, the respective extremities of theangles' 8 being bolted together 'to form av base frame'. 5 A

.number of the interior mold sections or vpanels 1 are .thenarranged side by sider with the lower ends thereof disposed in contact with the respective angles 8 in the mannershown in Fig. 1, these sections being bolted together side by side in the manner above described. As will be seen by' Areferring to Fig. 4. the upper extremities of the respective stiiiening angles 2 and 3 have 'leach a section thereof cutaway as at 9, and

the extremity of' the remaining tlan'ge of each angle beingbent over as at 10 to form a seat for the flange of a T -beam 11, a plurality of which. extend across the inclosed space or room substantially at the ceiling thereof as shown in Fig. 3. These beams together with the'corresponding frame an"- gles 8 constitute the A'principal struts used 1n the construction of the interior casing.

Iprefer to space the T-beamsabout four feet apart, and hence if the 4mold 'sections be one foot lWide, four of these will be dis- 1 posed between adjacent 'lf-beams. The yupper extremities of these groups of Lmold sections are retained against lateral `displacement dueto the pressure of the, concrete 'when poured thereagainst by horizontall disposed angles 12, the'extremities of whic are formed in the manner shown at 13 in Fig. 3; one web 'of the angle being cutaway and the extremity ofthe other web being i 5 bent over and being preferably slotted for, the reception of one of the bolts 6. The

extremities of the 'vertical webs ofA the T- beams are correspondingly sloneulind are received in the slots between the stiiening angles of the mold sections. Retaining angles 12 extend 'around all four sides of the room and when assembled serve to effectu- -ally -prevent ,displacement of any of the mold sections 1. At intervalsalong the tops of the T-beamsare placed sm'al blocks 14 of wood or concrete, and ilexible steel plates lare arched or bowed inthe manner shown in F 3 totorrn' the ceilingv of the room. These bowed plates bear against the tops of the 'lf-beams 11 and by reason of the 'interi l'lion ot the spacing blocks lecmutually retain themselvesy in position. rlhe upper edges of the respective mold sections or panels. 1 may be provided with clips 16 which serve to prevent arcuate plates 17 frombeing'displaced inwardly; these plates being so disposed that their lower edges contact with the upper edges. of sections 1 while'the arcuate edge of each of said plates '17 bears againsty the edge of an arched plate 15. The foregoing mold sections hence constitute a casing-which is 'virtually an inverted box, and which serves to form the interior `faces of the walls oic thelroornand y also the interior or lower 'face ofthe root or ceiling. .The outer mold sections or panels 1 8 are also* in theforin of elongated stifteningplates somewhat simil-ar in general con' struction to the plates 1 above. described; but while llates lare preferably vertically 'dispo ed, t e plates vorboards of the outer l over theotherV end-of'each of said-.plates'soj that the rno ld1sections'1nay further `be interlocked end toend.' Theexterior mold sections hence interlock bothvertically and-horizont'all. yThey are adapted to be secured to get-herl y keyhole shaped slots and bolts 6 in the same manner-fas are the interior' mold sect-ions, and are -helci against outward laterz-il displacement by uprighis These 111,-' rights are preferablylong sections otgangle iron -perforated at intervals for the* rcception'of b olts23. These boltsextcnd through one of the flanges otsuch annlnight and intothreaded engagementl with suitable cast; ings24, which. c'astings'are adal'ited.'en` be embedded in the concrete when the lat` ter is poured therearoninl.` A detail ot' one of thegcastings 24 is shown in Fig. 13, this castingrbeing substantially cross-shaped, two oppositely disposed arms of the cross being apertured and threaded for the reception ot bolts :'23 and 23'; the latter extending oniwardly through 'the angles S above desi-ritmi of the interior mold sections 1. Bells i-i and 23 'and castings 24 hencc'constitutr tic rods forpreventing spreznlingof the respeclive inner and outer mold section walls. The

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through apertures in the'outer mold sections remaining arms of the cross are hollow, a recess extending therethrough adapted for the reception of vert-ical stitlening rods 25 which are intended to be left in the con crete mass after the molds are removed therefrom. The uprights 22 are united to scaffolding uprights 26 by cross members 2T so form a. scalfolding frame, and this trame when assembled is sutliciently rigid to support the exterior mold sections against outward displ'a'ceiient, and further serves to'. carryl the platforms 28.

In practice, it is found desirable to completoly assemble the innermold sections and to also erect a scaliolding frame, but the horizontal outer mold sections are vonly placed .in position as needed. For example',

. the first one or two tiers of these sections are placed in position l and concrete lis then poured into the ypocket so formed until said pocket hasbeen nearly filled. Thereupon the third mold section is bolted into position and the next course of concrete is poured; and so on until the level of the Hoor 29 has been reached. -By this means itis' possible for the operator to see exactly how the concrete is beingplaced and hencethe inadvertent formation of holes or open spaces in the mass may be obviated. The ceiling or rootl of the chamber is formed by spreading concrete on top of the arched plates 15 and levelingrthe same in the manner shown in Fig. 3. Embedded in this mass of concrete are groups of tie rods 30 and 31; rods 30 being preferably disposed side by side in pairs, while a rod 31 is arranged sub1 stantially parallel tol each4 pair of rods 30, but above the same. The extremities of these rods are threaded into the respective cast-ings 24 and 9A', replacing tie bolts Q3 in this portion of the structure. The casting 24', shown in detail in Fig."14, is slight-ly different from casting' Q41, in that in place of one inwardly directed arm a boss is provided y which has two threaded apertures 32 which are adapted for the reception of the tie rods or bolts 30. It will be understood, of course, that various devices may be employed whereby. .to secure such tie rods in position, those herein shown being merely exempliications.

Referring to-Fig. 8, l have therein shown means for constructing a stairway inthe monolith, and one which is extremely rigid and strong, while absolutely tireproof, nnless it be desired to embed wooden treads in the mass of concrete in order tol'iteilitate the securing of carpets or 'the like in place thereon. To this end, I provide a plate 33 the edges of which are stepped or Zig zag injontline. Alongr the upper edge of this plate are disposed a series of short yangles 34. se-

cured thereto in any suitable-rnanne1 and adapted to support a series/of mold sections 35. which may be substant1all \7 of the ,same form as mold sections 18. `These sectlons,

however, are each of sulicient length to reach up to the line 3G shown in Fig. 3, sothat 'they will be successively shortened at" the head of the stairway is approached..

llorrespondingly, a series of mold sections 37 is arranged vbelow the stairs, these sections having the upper extremity of cach of the same cut obliquely at substantially the gen eral anglefof the stairway. The mold sections 37. have stiffening angles down the longitudinal edges thereof arranged substantially the same as arethe corresponding angles in mold sections "1 and 18. 'These angles, howeveigare cut obliquely across at'l the upper extremities as shown at 38 in Fig. 8 so as to aford room. for the emplacing of an obliquely disposed .angle 39 which extends along the upper edges ofthe sections 37.

Thev outer orv lateral fame of the stairs is formed 'by'means of along plate or mold board 40 which extends the entire length of the stairway. This plate may be beaded as at to'form a bead at the lower outstanding edge of the concrete mass; while at the inner s ide of plate 40, adjacent the bottom edge thereof is an angle Ll2 whichlruns the :length ofthe stairwaw7 afnd is disposed parallel to the angle` 3D, An arched plate 43 is sprung' into position between plate 40 and the mold sections 37, tlied-res of this plate restingr alpen the said anales 39 and 12. A series ofiangle shaped clipselel are fastened or adapted to be fastened to the plate 33, the outstanding flanges of which are adapted for engagemei'it with the riser plates 45.

--These plates may, if desired. be beaded at the upper edges thereof as at 46 to form the usual bead at the edge of the tread. ln pouring; concrete to form the stairs, one tread is poured at-a time. the surface of the concrete being leveled off as at t7 and the concrete setting sniiciently rapidly to permit rapid successive pouring's to form the successi-ve treads. It willthus be seen that an ai'chedstairway is formed which is iutegrally united to the wall of the building` as' shown in Fig. 9., .If the buildingf is a house, chimneys and tire-places will usually be pro vided, and to this end the construction shown in Fin'. 1l illustrates the appliealimi of my invention to details of this character. Relatively short mold sectionsl ttl arear ranged side by'side to form a fireplace; these sections being roofed over or 'covered by a suitable section 49, the longitudhial edges of which are preferably flanged as shown. Supported en this covering' section are the superposed tiles 50 which are arranged end-to end to provide a line. Ornate posts 51 may be formed of concrete upon either side of the fire-place by the use ot false.,: 1nolds similar to these lwrein'after referred to; and the space above the lire-place opening and beneath the mantel is covered by a plate 52. The under sule of the mantel 45 pSed thereon as 50 surfaceof the is. formed by a mold section 53 generally similar in section kto mold board 49. plate has i which forms'purt yof the false mold forthe 5 edge,of-the vnmintel,'and the mold vplate vproper .which is placed in this false mold is preferably formed by bending sheet' metal into. the desired contour as shown at 55., The mold sections labove the -mantel are lo"'sub'stantially the same as sections '1, except that they are shorter, and mold lsections 18' ferm the outer wall 'asin Fig. 1, tiles 50 being preferably spaced equidistant fromv the sections land 18. The concrete may be poured in around the fire-place and around theltiles 3Q in successive courses in.

precisely the sznne manner as it may be done where the wall 1s of ordinary construction, i and the mantel is formed'V by pburing-coni 20 crete in at the upper surfacethereof levelf ing the same o" to forni the fiat surface .56 4ofthe mantel. i l lIt' is usually desirable for purposes of or- .il-namentatiou to provide cornioes, or the like around the exterior walls of the building, and toA this end I provide the mold construction shown in Fig. 12, l'wherein disposed between the usual outer mold boards or sections 18 is a trough-shaped false mold 57 'in' which may be placed a' molded sheetvmetal plate 58 which provides 'the ,cornice forming surface. "Blocks of wood59 and. 60U

` may be placed in the false molds to-afford vproper sup ort to the metal'tplate 5,8, if desired. here a false mold is used, .it-.is lislfally necessary to space the uprights 22 back from the mold sect-ions in the manner shown in 'F ig. 1:2, in which vcase the various sections* maybe held against displacement 4g by'suitabletimbers l61. ItV will thus be seen f that I have provided means whereby one entire Hoor of the building may be erectedin the form ofl a monolit and' having thusformed one Hoor, the second may be super-A Shownin Fig. l, wherein the lower floor has .been designated 62,'andy the Wall 63'is of vless width than -the Said; 'fi'vall 62,; the two walls, being integrally unitetl to fornia V'monolithic building, the u p per wall against l which the" next succeedingtier is to be placed may be so arranged that the fresh concrete will irlyharlock with the old, this being accomplishedb in any suitable manner, as forexa'rn le by '5.5 roughening or under-cuttingthe.sur ace of the latter. Tl1e;Wall may obviously be made `iron or the like, the mold-.sections are'renA offuniforin thickness throughout; but the construction shown exemplies vthe'flexibil- VGity, so to speak, of the system. 6o Referring again to Fig. 2, it Willbe noted that the corner constructions at* the respective right and left hand sides thereof are somewhat diiierent. The interior or vertical y mold sections 1 are adaptedto interlock as ijshown at the left hand sidelof said figure,

an upstanding fiange 54 thereon l.able therefore for these ',that the corner sections weigh 4mately ="no more than the others. v Ifening angles 2 and 3' are disposed with l respect to the edges of these corner sections ofstructural steel shapesand plates, instead but itwill be observed that in such con? struction one of the stiifening angles, in one of the abutting sections of each pail; which forina cornermust be omitted; scli sections hence being different from the others, and further not being aswell secured to the adjacent corner forming section asl are the )remainder of the plates. I deem itdpreferand other reasons to provide specialeorner sections 63, which are shown at the right hand side of Fig. 2. These oo'rner sectionsmay be substantially like the sections 1 except that the plate which forms the body thereof is bent alon preferably the median Ilongitudinal line o 'such plate as shown. The-singularly disposed sides of these sections are preferably l but half, the Width of the fiat' sections 1, so approxi# The stifsav in' the same `Way as are the corresponding parts ofthe'fiat sections and hence 'the cornerand flat sections are equally Well adaptedto interlock in the manner described While the angular arrangement of the sides p11 said corner sections insures the proper angularrdisposition of the building Wall 4molds.` Correspondingly, While the horizontal outer mold sections 18 may directly abut to form thecorners, as shown at the left of Fig. 2, I prefer to provide vertical, outer mold, corner-forming sections 64,. These sections not only provide the molds :for the corners of the building, but further serve as parts of the scaffolding frame; uprights 22 being omitted Whensaid corner sections are used. These uprights Will however, of course, still be used to isupport the abuttingends of alined mold sections 18 but the ends of such of said sections which abut against the corner sections 6 4 may be secured thereto by .bolts 6 passingthrough theapertured an le pieces-5 and corresponding key-hole s sped apertures in the flanges of thestiif'enin angles 65 and 66' of the corner mold 164. bviously the narrov; sides' of the outer c'orn'erv molds will not in-f terfere with-the properpouring of the concrete and the horizontal sect-ions 18 'may be secured in place as needed, asdescribed in the first part 'of the specification.

In general, byreason of the employment of forming the various mold parts of :cast

tary casing the Walls of which are of prey determined height and which constitute vthe 139 inner walls of the mold, while the outer mold v walls are of variable height, beinggornied o a plurality of horizontally disposed sections or panels adapted to be superimposed and assembled in courses as needed, the erection of the building may be rapidly and -Ijpa-nels in alineieit, and ceilingfplate sup? economically effected with the assurance that when the mold `boards are 'removed after the concretexhas properly set, the

builling walls will be found smooth and soli Having described invention, what-I claim, is;

. .1. A knoekdown room mold forconerete buildings comprising wall forming 4mold sections of successively shorter lengths,

stairway forming parts, said parts ineluding a plurality of riser plates7 and an obliopiely disposed mold section to which- 'said riser plates are attached, said Obliq'uely disposed mold s'eetion having both the up-I per and lower edges thereof stepped lto respectively conform with the treads yof the stairway and with said successivelysshortened walll forming rnold'sections. 4

2. A knock-down roprn fniold for monolithi'e structures comprising a casing in the form of an inverted box, thel walls of said metal panels, said fpanels being flanged and adapted to interlock, and. I'separable sheet metal plates forming the ceiling of said.

casing, qsaid easing further having a reetangular frame therein adapted to lhold said porting struts Extending from' one side 'of the casing to another, the casing being rigid and self supporting when the parts thereof are in assembled relationship, exterior mold sections, a combined scail'old and supporting frame for said. sections, tie connections between said supporting frame and said casV ing,V said connections extending across the mold space betweenthe exteriormold sections and the easing, said exterior mold sect-ions extending horizontally and beings adapted to be superimposed as needed during the `erection of th'e monolithic. walls,

said exterior mold wall sections being also of sheet metal and adapted-to interlock.

In witness whereof, I subscribe my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

` JOSEPH STRETCH.

i .i Witnesses: v GHAs. P. Hmmm,

" WALDO M. GHAPXN.'

Copies of this patent may beobtained for 've cents each, by adxlressing the Commissioner of lPatents, Washington, D. C. 

